Application of GIS in Environmental Protection

Application of GIS in Environmental Protection

With the continuous expansion of social and economic scale and marketization, the gradual improvement of the level of urbanization, the sound and perfection of national environmental protection laws and regulations, and the strengthening of support for environmental protection by the society, enterprises, and institutions, China’s environmental protection has been improved. The bigger the improvement and the improvement. All sectors of society pay more attention to the protection of public health and cherish the issue of environmental protection.

With the continuous development and extension of digitization and informatization, the development in the field of environmental protection is very important for the scientific and specific measurement numbers. When we have digitized information, the information that was difficult to express can be expressed at will according to the needs of users, whether in air quality, sewage treatment or water and soil conservation, through the data-based geographic information system (GIS) In the system, it can provide clear and arbitrarily changing geographic information, with more accurate positioning, vivid three-dimensional map platform and various application attribute data, government environmental protection unit staff or employees in the environmental protection industry can use these data to implement Environmentally friendly work.

As we all know, there are many research objects and research fields involved in environmental protection, mainly for water, atmosphere, greening, urban construction, lakes, bays, oceans, etc. to analyze and predict various aspects and perspectives, and the application of GIS is just right. It provides an excellent platform and solution for environmental protection.

Through the inconsistent data in the original supervision and management, it is difficult to share, the platform is messy, lacks uniformity, and the basic reference data with low visualization performance is combed and integrated into the database of the existing GIS system. Data in districts, neighborhoods, etc. are hierarchically managed by the GIS system, so that the data sources of environmental protection departments at all levels can be linked to a unified and authoritative terminal database to achieve full use and analysis of data, and to manage environmental protection. Provide accurate information with analysis and decision-making, and at the same time provide the superior declaration data export, thus establishing this set of information management files with unified code, consistent data, information sharing, and advanced technology. It can be seen that mobile, web, and desktop GIS applications are continuously embedded in environmental protection applications, and remote sensing, three-dimensional, and vector data analysis also bring great help to environmental protection work.

According to the needs of actual environmental protection work, combined with the functions of GIS, common applications that meet the needs of environmental protection work are derived, including environmental assessment and research; resource recycling monitoring; water quality, pollution detection and diffusion assessment; air quality, pollution detection and Dispersion assessment; atmospheric and ozone monitoring and assessment; radiological risk assessment; groundwater protection; construction permit assessment; water source protection, intertidal habitat analysis; ecological area analysis; emergency response to the diffusion of hazardous materials; industrial pollution source management; real-time environmental monitoring, etc. Orientation, multi-angle, multi-level application.

GIS is an application system based on environmental protection solutions on the basic geographic information data geographic platform. Most geographic information platforms used in the past are information platforms based on two-dimensional maps. However, with the continuous development and advancement of technology, Nowadays, more and more information platforms based on three-dimensional maps are used with more accurate target positioning, clearer data display, more vivid graphic expression, and broader depth of layers.

Now we use the environmental monitoring GIS in environmental protection to understand the characteristics and functions of the GIS platform more vividly. In terms of characteristics, this system adopts J2EE architecture, which meets application requirements, can be closely integrated with other environmental protection systems, and has strong professional performance; the system combines GPS, imaging, real-time monitoring and video to make the use of data more complete, safe and reliable; system operation The speed is fast, and a variety of interfaces are reserved, which is convenient for system upgrade and expansion.

In terms of function, first of all, this system is an information platform based on three-dimensional maps. Various basic operation functions of GIS can be realized in the platform: such as zoom in, zoom out, roam, feature query, select query, buffer analysis, trend analysis, etc.

Second, realize spatial query, including element query, location query, route query, various complex conditions query, etc. The main elements of the query include air pollution, water resources, air, pollution sources, units, sewage outlets, sewer distribution and other spatially related Information query.

Third, attribute query: fuzzy query, SQL query, conditional query, etc. Attribute query mainly queries the data in the basic database and the attribute data associated with spatial elements. The key element is still the pollution source and the related subject information of the pollution unit.

Fourth, data management: data entry, data update, data report, data classification and hierarchical management, etc. The system provides data query, data report and other functions for remote users in WEB mode. In addition, it provides tools for data filling, data update and data collection for users with management authority.

Fifth, environmental protection duty vehicle monitoring: positioning and tracking, vehicle navigation, dispatch and command. As one of the branches of the system, the system provides remote management of environmental protection duty vehicles, realizes positioning, tracking, scheduling, command and other functions through GPRS and GPS technology, and provides navigation, route analysis, shortest path query and other services for environmental protection duty vehicles.

Sixth, pollution monitoring and management. The monitoring and management of sewage is the main theme of the system, which mainly includes the collection of sewage outfall data, the alarm of excessive sewage discharge, the position display of sewage outfall, the display of sewage outfall plan, the management of sewage data, the inquiry of sewage information, the management of sewage charges and other functional modules.

Seventh, report management. Report management is mainly based on the comprehensive database of environmental protection, according to various connection management, combined with map functions, making various statistical reports and printing functions, graphic reports and printing functions, unit data reports and printing functions.

Eighth, data communication: GPRS, TCP/IP communication. The system provides three communication methods to complete a variety of data collection and interactive work, microwave, GPRS/CDMA, and wired. Microwave technology with a dedicated channel is used to monitor pollutant discharge, and GPRS/CDMA wireless communication technology is used to monitor environmentally friendly vehicles. For district-level environmental protection units/municipal environmental protection units, the information exchange between servers/clients mainly uses broadband connections.