China's nearly 500 years drought and flood disaster nationwide less rain and dry online map
China's meteorological disasters occur frequently with many disasters. In addition to the characteristics of global meteorological disasters, floods caused by floods, droughts and typhoons are particularly serious compared with other countries and regions at the same latitude, and have the following distinctive features:
1.The flood disaster is the most serious. Under the influence of the East Asian monsoon climate, frequent heavy rains have occurred, which has caused serious floods.
About two-thirds of the country's assets, one-half of the population, and one-third of the cultivated land are distributed in areas threatened by floods and are among the most flood-hit countries in the world. In 1931, 1935, 1954, 1963, 1991, 1998, 1999, 2003 and 2004, severe disasters occurred in different parts of the country, even in most parts of the country. According to statistics, during the 10th Five-Year Plan period, China's average annual flood damage area was 192 million mu, with 161 million people affected, 1510 deaths and direct losses of 100.6 billion yuan. In 1991, there was a devastating flood in the Jiangzhan River Basin in a hundred years. In Anhui Province alone, there were 44 million people affected by the disaster. The disaster area was over 60 million mu and the economic loss was as high as 27.5 billion yuan. In 1998, the Yangtze River, Songhua River and Nenjiang River experienced floods in the whole basin. The 29 provinces (autonomous regions and municipalities) were affected by floods and disasters. There were 11 provinces (autonomous regions and municipalities). The number of people affected by floods in the country reached 180 million (times), 120 million people (times), 4,150 people died from disasters, and the number of emergency resettlement transfers was 183.93 million. The economic losses amounted to 2,505.90 billion yuan. In 2003, the torrential floodwaters of the Huaihe River Basin were formed due to continuous heavy rains, with economic losses of 28.5 billion yuan. In 2004, heavy rains occurred in eastern Sichuan and Chongqing. Heavy rains caused many landslides and mudslides, causing 187 deaths and 23 missing. The direct economic losses amounted to 9.8 billion yuan.
2.Drought disasters are very significant. Drought is one of the disasters that occur frequently in China and causes great losses, and has a significant impact on China's agricultural production. During the period from 1951 to 2000, the national average drought-affected area reached 21,876,600 hectares. In the summer of 2003, there was a rare persistent high temperature and drought in the southern part of China. The hot and cold weather above 38 °C continued to occur in the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River and northern China. The extreme maximum temperature in the southwestern part of Zhejiang, northern Fujian and central Jiangxi reached 40~43°C. The wide temperature range, long duration, and high temperature of the southern region are rare in history. At the same time as the high temperature continues, precipitation in southern Hunan, south-central Jiangxi, northern Fujian, and southwestern Zhejiang is less than 50 mm, which is less than 80% less than normal. Zhejiang, Fujian, Hunan, and Jiangxi have experienced the most severe drought since 1971. From January to June 2004, precipitation in eastern Inner Mongolia, western Jilin, northwestern Liaoning, and southwestern Heilongjiang continued to be less, 5 to 80% less than normal. The average regional precipitation was the smallest in the same period since 1951, plus The high temperature has led to the aggravation and spread of drought. In the summer of the same year, parts of Jiangnan and southern China were hot and dry, and the drought was relatively high. After the fall, most of the southern part of the country continued to have less precipitation. The average precipitation in Guangdong, Guangxi, Hainan, Hunan, Jiangxi, Anhui, and Jiangsu provinces was only 98 mm from September to October, 118 mm less than the same period of the previous year. The lowest value in the same period since 1951. In the summer of 2006, Sichuan Province suffered from a rare drought in decades. The highest daily temperature in most parts of the central and eastern Sichuan Basin is above 38 °C. The highest in Neijiang City The temperature reached 40.6°C, setting a record for the highest temperature in the past 46 years. The temperature in Zigong reached 41.°C, breaking through the historical record of the city's 50-year history. More than 45 counties in Sichuan Province ( The drought period of the district is more than 3 days, of which the longest time is more than 5 days. In some places, it has suffered continuous drought in spring and summer and drought in summer and summer. The drought lasts for more than 3 months and is rare for many years. The drought-affected area of crops in Sichuan Province exceeded 2,876,000 mu, and the harvest was 2,376,000 mu. The drought also reduced the precipitation in many affected areas by 50% to 90% compared with the same period of history, the main irrigation river in Chengdu Plain. The traffic volume of the Lancang River was the lowest in history.
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