防灾减灾科普知识竞答  Knowledge Competition about DRR: (https://ikcest-drr.osgeo.cn)

2025年5月12日是中国第17个全国防灾减灾日，主题是“人人讲安全、个个会应急——排查身边灾害隐患”。
May 12, 2025 marks China's 17th National Disaster Risk Reduction Day, with the theme "Everyone Values Safety, Every Individual Can Respond – Identify Hidden Hazards Around Us."

国际工程科技知识中心防灾减灾分中心开展防灾减灾科普知识竞答活动，活动日期5月12日-6月12日。
Disaster Risk Reduction Knowledge Service of IKCEST (DRRKS) will organize a knowledge competition about DRR from May 12th to June 12th.

大家快来注册参加，答题有奖。
Come on and sign up for prizes.

1.联合国教科文组织国际工程科技知识中心（IKCEST）是()时候成立的？【单选题】
When was the International Knowledge Centre for Engineering Sciences and Technology (IKCEST) under the auspices of UNESCO established? () (single choice)

  A. 2012年9月
      September 2012
  B. 2012年6月
      June 2012
  C. 2014年9月
      September 2014
  D. 2014年6月
      June 2014

2.国际工程科技知识中心防灾减灾知识服务的目标是？()【多选题】
The objectives of Disaster Risk Reduction Knowledge Service of International Knowledge Center for Engineering Sciences and Technology under the Auspices of UNESCO? () (multiple choices)

  A. 制定全球灾害元数据标准，构建全球灾害元数据库
      Draw up global standard or best practice on disaster metadata, establish global disaster meta-database.
  B. 整合地震、干旱和洪水灾害方面的跨学科、跨领域和跨地区的数据及信息资源，推动灾害风险降低方面的数据库开发方法和知识信息服务模式
      Integrate cross-disciplinary, cross-field and cross-region data and information resources in earthquake, draught and flood disaster, Push forward the database development method and the knowledge information service model on disaster risk reduction.
  C. 以大数据挖掘和分析技术为支撑，建立减灾知识服务系统
      Establish the DRR knowledge service system with the support of big data mining and analysis techniques.
  D. 开展灾害防治教育、培训和技术推广
      Carry out education, training and technology exchange on disaster risk reduction.

3.2025年5月12日是我国第17个全国防灾减灾日，主题是？()【单选题】
May 12, 2025 is China's 17th National Disaster Prevention and Mitigation Day, and the theme is? () (single choice)

  A. 提高灾害防治能力，构筑生命安全防线
      Improve disaster prevention and control capacity, build life safety defense line
  B. 人人讲安全、个个会应急--排查身边灾害隐患
      Everyone talks about safety, everyone knows how to respond to emergencies - investigate the hidden disasters around you
  C. 人人讲安全、个个会应急--着力提升基层防灾避险能力
      Everyone talks about safety, everyone knows how to respond to emergencies - strive to improve the ability of grass-roots disaster prevention and risk avoidance
  D. 行动起来，减轻身边的灾害风险
      Take action to reduce disaster risks around us

4.哪些自然灾害在一带一路沿线国家面临的风险最高？()【单选题】
which natural disaster poses the highest risk along the Belt and Road Initiative (BRI) countries? () (single choice)

  A. 火山
      Volcanoes
  B. 地震、滑坡、洪水
      Earthquakes, landslides, floods
  C. 干旱
      Droughts
  D. 飓风
      Cyclones

5.地震发生时，以下哪项是最安全的应对方式？()【单选题】
What is the safest response when an earthquake occurs? () (single choice)

  A. 乘电梯离开建筑物
      Take the elevator to leave the building
  B. 躲在窗户旁边
      Hide near the window
  C. 躲在坚固的桌子下
      Take cover under a sturdy table
  D. 站在阳台上
      Stand on the balcony

6.以下哪些是地震可能造成的次生灾害？()【多选题】
Which of the following are possible secondary disasters caused by earthquakes? () (multiple choices)

  A. 海啸
      Tsunami
  B. 滑坡
      Landslide
  C. 地裂缝
      Ground fissure
  D. 水灾
      Flood

7.沙尘暴来袭时，以下哪种做法最安全？()【单选题】
Which of the following is the safest thing to do when a dust storm is approaching ? () (single choice)

  A. 躲在高大广告牌下避风
      Hide under tall billboards to avoid the wind
  B. 立即关闭门窗并用湿毛巾密封缝隙
      Immediately close doors and windows and seal gaps with wet towels
  C. 驾车加速穿越沙尘区域
      Speed up your car to cross the dusty area
  D. 在户外逆风方向奔跑撤离
      Run outdoors in the direction of the wind to evacuate

8.暴雨积水时，低洼地区的居民该如何自救，以下错误的是 ？()【单选题】
Which of the following is incorrect regarding how residents in low-lying areas should conduct self-rescue during heavy rain and water accumulation ? () (single choice)

  A. 在危旧平房中，原地等待救援
      Stay in place and wait for rescue inside a dilapidated bungalow
  B. 危急时，向高处转移并等待救援
      Move to higher ground and wait for rescue in case of emergency
  C. 用沙袋堵住门槛，防止积水涌入房屋
      Block the threshold with sandbags to prevent floodwater from entering the house
  D. 积极采取自救，寻找体积较大的漂浮物
      Actively take self-rescue measures and look for large floating objects

9.滑坡发生前，最常见的征兆是？()【单选题】
The most common sign before a landslide occurs is ? () (single choices)

  A. 动物异常躁动
      abnormal agitation of animals
  B. 地面突然出现大量积水
      large amounts of water suddenly appearing on the ground
  C. 山坡出现裂缝或树木倾斜
      Cracks in the hillside or leaning trees
  D. 短时间内气温急剧上升
      a sharp rise in temperature over a short period of time

10.火灾发生时，如果楼道被烟雾封堵，应采取哪种方式逃生？()【单选题】
If the hallway is blocked by smoke during a fire, how should you escape ? () (single choices)

  A. 乘电梯下楼
      Take the elevator
  B. 用湿毛巾捂住口鼻，低姿前行
      Cover mouth and nose with a wet towel and stay low
  C. 打开所有窗户通风
      Open all windows for ventilation
  D. 躲进衣柜里
      Hide in the closet

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